WEBVTT

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Vaccination is designed to protect people

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against infectious diseases
caused by bacteria or viruses

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by preparing the body’s natural defenses

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to fight specific pathogens.

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Vaccines contain either:

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• dead (inactivated) bacteria

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• viruses

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• or components of bacteria or viruses;

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however there are also variants
with attenuated pathogens

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that can still reproduce

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but do not cause illness.

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Substances are added to them

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that place the immune system on alert

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to boost their effectiveness.

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When vaccinated

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the body’s immune cells
develop defense cells such as antibodies

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to fight the pathogen.

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Importantly, it creates a kind of “memory”.

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When a real infection occurs,

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the immune system recognizes the pathogen.

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This means the defense cells

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can neutralize the harmful intruders
quickly and effectively

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to stop the illness before it starts.

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This is referred to as immunity.

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Depending on the vaccine it may take time

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for immunity to develop.

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There are also certain vaccines

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that have to be administered more than once

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at specific intervals

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to achieve complete immunity.

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Some vaccinations
provide lifelong protection

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whilst others need to be repeated
every few years.

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In short:

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Vaccination gives the body immunity

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to an infectious disease

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by mimicking an infection.

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The immune system builds up a “memory”
of the pathogen.

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This allows it
to respond to genuine pathogens later on

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and stop the disease.