WEBVTT

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Bladder cancer is the 
second most common type

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of genitourinary cancer
after prostate cancer.

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Bladder tumors are more common
in men than women.

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If a tumor is suspected, 
a cystoscopy is performed

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using an endoscopic camera.

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The procedure is normally done 
under general anesthetic

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or with a spinal anesthetic, whereby

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only the nerves in the lower body
are numbed.

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First, a rod-shaped cystoscope is inserted

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into the bladder through the urethra.

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It consists of a thin metal tube with

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a light and an endoscopic camera,

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which transmits live images to a monitor.

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The bladder is examined thoroughly 
to detect abnormal changes.

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Visible tumors are then removed

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using an electrical loop that is inserted

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separately through a thin hose or tube.

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The tissue removed is examined 
under the microscope to

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determine the depth of invasion
and how aggressive the tumor is.

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Further treatment depends on
the stage of the tumor.

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After the procedure,
a urethral catheter has to be inserted

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and is left in place for about 1 to 2 days.